Objective: To find out the prevalence of alcohol consumption among the rural residents of Sriperambudur Taluk: Methods: A community-based survey was conducted in two villages and their colonies being randomly selected from 168 villages. Data was collected using pre tested semi structured questionnaire from 500 residents of the study population. The survey was conducted for a period of two months. Results: The study participants were more likely to initiate alcohol consumption habit by 25 years of age. 28% of the study participants consume alcoholic beverages, out of which about 11% of them consume only alcoholic beverages. Alcohol consumption was higher among male study subjects compared to females. 91.5% of the study participants, who consume alcoholic beverages, consume commercially available products. The community considers consumption of alcoholic beverages to be the most harmful habit draining the community health and wealth. Discussion: There seems to be an increasing trend in the prevalence of alcohol consumption. Community also perceives it to be a harmful habit. Thus effective interventions should be targeted towards high-risk sub population of the community to decrease the prevalence of alcohol consumption in rural Tamilnadu.

Objective: To assess the effect and impact of oral health on quality of life among first grade college students of Davangere, India. Methods: The oral health related quality of life (OHQoL) questionnaire consisting of a battery of questions, which takes into account both effect and impact of oral health on quality of life, incorporating dimensions and an individualized weighting system, was administered to a sample of 600 first Grade college students, aged between 18-23 yrs of Davangere, India. Gender variations on the responses of their effect and impact on OHQoL (P) was analyzed using Chi-square test. Results: The overall response rate was 88% with 529 students participating in the study. 65.6% of the sample believed that their oral health enhanced their quality of life (QoL) and 10.2% believed that their oral health reduced their QoL. This was perceived as a result of its effect on all physical, social and psychological ways. A majority of the sample considered little (22.7%), moderate (22.3%), great (20.1%) and extreme (10.8%) impact of oral health in all physical, social and psychological ways. Females claimed that their oral health had a greater positive effect on QoL than did males and was seen mostly among physical and social aspects. Conclusion : To conclude, the study shows that the ftrst grade college students of Davangere, India perceive oral health as affecting their QoL and also has an impact on QoL in a variety of physical, social and psychological ways and that significant gender variations exist in these perceptions.

Objective: To assess the oral health status and treatment needs of asthmatic children and to suggest suitable measures to improve their existing oral health. Methodology: The study was a convenience sample consisting of children attending the out patient department of Cheluvamba Hospital, Mysore, who were previously diagnosed as bronchial astlunatic and were aged between 6 and 12 years. Age and sex matched control group was selected from a government school who were free of chronic systemic diseases. History of astluna, type of medication used, astluna related history such as mouth breathing, and oral hygiene practices, sweet consumption and history of dental visit were recorded using a questionnaire. Results: The study group consisted of 63 children with 29 males and 34 females. The control group consisted of 63 children with 27 males and 36 females. Mean dmft in asthmatic children was 3.68 ± 2.67 whereas it was 0.92 ± 0.92 (p < 0.000) in controls. Mean gingival index score in asthmatic children was 1.1 ± 0.39 whereas it was 0.63 ± 0.32 (p < .000) in controls. Conclusion: Present study shows higher prevalence of dental caries and gingivitis in asthmatic children when compared to healthy controls.

The universality of periodontal disease is well established. Aims and objecdves: To assess the periodontal status and treatment needs in 12-16 year old children in Bangalore district; to know about their oral hygiene measures practices; and to plan a preventive programme feasible. Materials And Methods: The study consisted of 1600 children (12-16 years) of which 1200 (males 609, females - 591) were from Bangalore (urban) and 400 (males - 203, females - 197) were from Anekal Taluk (rural). Examination was conducted as per the WHO criteria. CPITN was used to assess the periodontal status the treatment needs. Results: CPITN code 2 was the most prevalent condition. Statistically significant differences existed between urban and rural children for ages 12-16 years and for the CPITN codes 0,1,2 and 3 when CPITN recordings were expressed as prevalence, means, cumulative frequency and treatment needs. Most of them needed treatment Need 1 followed by TN 2. Oral hygiene practices were similar in urban and rural children. Discussion and conclusion: Dental health education is the need of the hour. The stress on primary prevention, training of school teachers and support from the dental professionals should help in reducing the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease in children to a greater extent.

The policy will indemnify any act committed by the insured, which shall be a Registered Medical Practitioner, giving rise to any legal liability to third parties or patients. The insured includes the policyholder and his qualified assistants or employees named in the proposal. There is separate standard proposal form is available for Doctors and Medical Practitioners for Professional Indemnity Insurance. The registered company or insurance company does not assure any liabilities until the proposal has been accepted and the premium paid. There are two prohibition of rebates refer to the Section 41 of Insurance Act 1938. According to Register Medical Practitioners classification, more than twenty medical practitioners comes under this professional indemnity. Normally all claims for compensation have to be legally established in a Indian Court of law or jurisdiction is applicable only in Indian Courts.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a highly prevalent worldwide endocrine disorder. Oral health complications reportedly associated with diabetes, that may be encountered by dental practitioners include xerostomia, tooth loss, gingivitis, periodontitis, odontogenic abscesses, dental caries and opportunistic infections on tongue and mucosa. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess prevalence of dental caries and periodontal status among diabetic patients of Davangere city, Karnataka, India. Methodology: 'Ibis descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Davangere city, Kamataka, India. The study sample consisted of 150 diabetic patients who were regular patients at the Alur Chandrashekarappa Memorial Hospital, Davangere. Type-ill clinical examination was followed as recommended by the American Dental Association (ADA) specification. The dental caries were assessed by using Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) and Surfaces (DMFS) indices. The periodontal status was assessed by using Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and Loss of Attachment (LOA). Results: DMFT score was greater in patients over 40 years (4.14 ± 2.21) than in the age group below years (3.69 ± 2.67) [x2 = 15 , p= 0.11 NS] and DMFS was found to be greater in the patients older than 40 years (6.88 ± 5.47) when compared with those of the patients below 40 years (6.44 ± 6.99) [x2"" 39.16, p"" 0.002 (S)]. CPI-scores, only 3.3% of the patients reported with diabetes had healthy gingiva, .3% were recorded pocket depth of 4-5 mm, and 12.7% displayed pocket depth of 6 mm or more, 25.3 % of the reported cases showed score 0 (loss of attachment 0-3 mm), 46.7 % of them scored 1 (loss of attachment of 4-5 mm), 16.0% scored 2 (loss of attachment of 6-8 mm), 12.0% showed loss of attachment of 9-12 mm and none of them were scored 4. No statistically significant difference was observed among two age group for Loss of Attachment (LOA) [X2 = 4.17, P "" 0.24, NS]. Conclusion: There is significant association between diabetes mellitus and oral health. Hence more emphasis should be given for health education about diabetes mellitus and its medical and dental complications.

To investigate the intra oral spread of an erythrosine mouthwash in relation to the rinsing period. Twenty subjects were randomly divided into two equal groups and asked to rinse with 1Oml erythrosine mouthwash for cumulative periods of 15, 30 and 60s (group I) and 30, 60 and 90s (Group m. Each rinsing session was followed by new plaque measurements. In group I there was difference observed between 15s, 30s rinsing period and 60s rinsing period. In group II there was difference observed between 30s, 60s and 90s rinsing period. Plaque score in 60s rinsing period in group I is more when compared to the 90s rinsing period in group II. Rinsing for 60s appeared to be sufficient for all plaque covered surfaces of the dentition to come into contact with the mouthwash.

The aim of this survey was to examine the dentists' awareness on major health risks associated with smoking and their opinions on factors that influence tobacco use. The study was based in information collected through a questionnaire, which was distributed among 100 randomly selected general dentists who were practicing in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. A response rate of 100% was obtained. A majority of the respondents (55%) related friends' circle as most frequently factor in the habit of smoking 21% agreed that stress was the main factor. A majority of the respondents (84%) related lung cancer to smoking. However the association with other general risk factors were least reported (30%). Only 54% of the dentists agreed that smoking was the important cause of premature death. Most of the dentists associated tobacco use with bad breath (80%) and 68% of the dentists reported that smokers had increased risk of oral cancer while 55% associated it with loss or periodontal attachment. Only 17% of the dentists agreed that the main oral change associated with smoking was leukoplakia and 65% associated it with smoker's palate. study revealed a significant lack of awareness among the general dentists of Kanpur with respect to serious health consequencies of smoking.

Good health is a fundamental goal for people and societies across the globe. Any nation can progress rapidly when its people are healthy and lead a productive life. With the child as the focal point, this study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of dental caries, knowledge and attitudes of 487 school children aged 7-13 years, towards oral health and subsequent estimation of caries risk over a 4-year period, in Bangalore city. The data was collected by clinical examination and through a questionnaire. Assessment of caries was done using the W.H.O. methodology. Saliva was collected for microbial tests and biochemical analysis. An additive Knowledge and Practice Index was constructed based on the responses from the questionnaire. The study included six predictor variables for the estimation of caries risk, viz., Streptococcus count, lactobacillus count, total viable flora count, buffering power, caries experience and frequency of sugar intake. Almost 82% of the children suffered from dental caries and 87% children suffered from gingivitis. Knowledge awareness was generally high except for cohort'83. The diagnostic power of buffering capacity was the highest, i.e., 66% and 75% for the 2-year and 4-year caries increment, respectively and Streptococci. spp. counts gave a total predictive value of 60% and 64%, respectively. There is an urgent need for appropriate oral health programs for this group.

Industrial workers constitute a well defined population. Due to their poor life style and neglect of oral hygiene, oral diseases seem to be more common among them. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess dental caries experience and oral hygiene status of various biscuit factory production line workers in Kanpur city. Material & Methods: The study was conducted on a randomly selected sample of 338 production line workers of various biscuit factories in Kanpur city. The DMFT & OHI-S scores were recorded on a specially designed proforma. The data collected was subjected to statistical analysis. Conclusion: The direct exposure to sugar dust for longer duration of time and neglect in oral hygiene was the major factor in higher DMFT, OHI-S scores in production line workers of biscuit factories. Thus efforts should be directed towards preventive and curative treatment approaches to meet the demands of the industrial population

Objective: The present study was done to assess the prevalence of dental caries in the primary dentition of kindergarten school children enrolled in the nursery schools of Lakhanpur, Kanpur, India. Materials and Methods: The study population comprised of around 300 School children aged 2-6 years old randomly selected from the nursery schools in Lakhanpur. Dental caries was recorded using the decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmf-t) index and the decayed, missing, filled surface (dmf-s) index. The data collected was subjected to statistical analysis. Conclusion: Around 42% of the preschoolers were caries free. The study showed the need for an oral health programme for this population, including both preventive and curative methods.